Strategic Marketing Narratives in the Global Decarbonisation Era: A Content Analysis of Corporate Communication Practices

Authors

  • Nebi Seren Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65582/gd.2026.006

Keywords:

Strategic Marketing, Sustainability, Decarbonisation, Qualitative Content Analysis, Corporate Communication, Automotive Sector, IT/Technology Sector, Europe, USA

Abstract

This study comparatively examines the strategic marketing narratives used by companies in different sectors and regions during the global decarbonisation transition. It analyses sustainability reports, corporate web content, and press releases published between 2020 and 2024 by eight companies in the automotive and IT/technology sectors in Europe and the United States. Using qualitative content analysis and a structured comparative design, the study compares how firms position themselves in the transition to a low-carbon economy at regional and sectoral levels. The findings indicate that all companies frame climate action through innovation and leadership, but European firms emphasise regulatory compliance, measurability, and long-term commitments, whereas US firms more often foreground rapid transformation, entrepreneurial leadership, and social values. Automotive companies rely more heavily on technical and process-oriented discourse, while IT/technology companies more frequently use ethically framed and stakeholder-oriented narratives. Overall, the study offers an initial comparative assessment showing that sustainability discourse functions not only as a communication tool but also as a strategic mechanism through which firms seek legitimacy, stakeholder trust, and influence over the pace and credibility of decarbonisation pathways.

References

Apple, 2020a. Environmental progress report, Apple. Available at: https://www.apple.com/environment/pdf/Apple_Environmental_Progress_Report_2020.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Apple, 2020b. Supplier responsibility progress report, Apple. Available at: https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple_SR_2020_Report.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Apple, 2020c. Apple commits to be 100 percent carbon neutral for its supply chain and products by 2030, Apple Newsroom. Available at: https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2020/07/apple-commits-to-be-100-percent-carbon-neutral-for-its-supply-chain-and-products-by-2030/ (Accessed 14 March 2026).

BMW Group, 2023. Sustainability report, BMW Group. Available at: https://www.bmwgroup.com/content/dam/grpw/websites/bmwgroup_com/ir/downloads/en/2024/bericht/BMW-Group-Sustainability-Overview-FY-2023.pdf(Accessed 14 March 2026).

Bowen, G.A., 2009. Document analysis as a qualitative research method, Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2): 27–40. DOI: doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027.

Delmas, M.A. and Burbano, V.C., 2011. The drivers of greenwashing, California Management Review, 54(1): 64–87. DOI: doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2011.54.1.64.

Dessart, L. and Standaert, W., 2023. Strategic storytelling in the age of sustainability, Business Horizons, 66(3): 371–385. DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2023.01.005.

Elkington, J., 1997. Cannibals with forks: the triple bottom line of 21st century business. Oxford: Capstone Publishing.

Elkington, J., 2018. 25 years ago I coined the phrase “triple bottom line.” Here’s why it’s time to rethink it, Harvard Business Review. Available at: https://hbr.org/2018/06/25-years-ago-i-coined-the-phrase-triple-bottom-line-heres-why-im-giving-up-on-it (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Ericsson, 2023a. Sustainability and corporate responsibility report, Ericsson. Available at: https://www.ericsson.com/en/about-us/sustainability-and-corporate-responsibility/sustainability-report (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Ericsson, 2023b. Ericsson issues first green bond, Ericsson. Available at: https://www.ericsson.com/en/press-releases/2023/11/ericsson-issues-first-green-bond (Accessed 14 March 2026).

European Commission, 2023. Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), European Commission. Available at: https://finance.ec.europa.eu/capital-markets-union-and-financial-markets/company-reporting-and-auditing/company-reporting/corporate-sustainability-reporting_en (Accessed 14 March 2026).

European Commission, 2024. Directive (EU) 2024/825 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 February 2024 amending Directives 2005/29/EC and 2011/83/EU as regards empowering consumers for the green transition through better protection against unfair practices and through better information. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng (Accessed 14 March 2026).

European Union, 2022. Directive (EU) 2022/2464 as regards corporate sustainability reporting, Official Journal of the European Union, L 322. Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32022L2464 (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Favre, K. and Latrach, N., 2024. Driving change: the power of strategic sustainability storytelling in the automotive industry. Unpublished MA thesis, Lund University. Available at: https://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9156053/file/9156070.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Ford Motor Company, 2023. Sustainability report, Ford Motor Company. Available at: https://corporate.ford.com/content/dam/na/ford/en_us/documents/corporate/reports/2023-integrated-sustainability-and-financial-report.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

General Motors, 2023. Sustainability report, General Motors. Available at: https://www.gm.com/content/dam/company/docs/us/en/gmcom/company/GM_2023_SR.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Hart, S.L., 1995. A natural-resource-based view of the firm, Academy of Management Review, 20(4): 986–1014. DOI: doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9512280033.

Hart, S.L. and Dowell, G., 2011. A natural-resource-based view of the firm: fifteen years after, Journal of Management, 37(5): 1464–1479. DOI: doi.org/10.1177/0149206310390219.

Hsieh, H.F. and Shannon, S.E., 2005. Three approaches to qualitative content analysis, Qualitative Health Research, 15(9): 1277–1288. DOI: doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687.

Krippendorff, K., 2018. Content analysis: an introduction to its methodology. 4th ed. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.

Microsoft, 2021. Environmental sustainability report 2021, Microsoft. Available at: https://cdn-dynmedia-1.microsoft.com/is/content/microsoftcorp/microsoft/msc/documents/presentations/CSR/2021-Environmental-Sustainability-Report.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Microsoft, 2022. Microsoft releases 2021 environmental sustainability report outlining its progress against ambitious goals, Microsoft. Available at: https://news.microsoft.com/en-xm/2022/04/21/microsoft-releases-2021-environmental-sustainability-report-outlining-its-progress-against-ambitious-goals/ (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Mossberg, L. and Johansen, E.N., 2006. Storytelling: marketing in the experience economy. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.

Neuendorf, K.A., 2017. The content analysis guidebook. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Porter, M.E. and Kramer, M.R., 2011. Creating shared value, Harvard Business Review, 89(1–2): 62–77. Available at: https://hbr.org/2011/01/the-big-idea-creating-shared-value (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Porter, M.E. and van der Linde, C., 1995. Toward a new conception of the environment-competitiveness relationship, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 9(4): 97–118. DOI: doi.org/10.1257/jep.9.4.97.

SAP, 2023. Integrated report 2023, SAP. Available at: https://assets.ctfassets.net/z2fsfx60w22m/1BZJuso0mjt0V7vHfB5Niv/cb09d507b131a4057e688e67a01f21d9/SAP_Integrated_Report_2023.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Strauss, A. and Corbin, J., 1998. Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

Suchman, M.C., 1995. Managing legitimacy: strategic and institutional approaches, Academy of Management Review, 20(3): 571–610. DOI: doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080331.

Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), 2017. Recommendations of the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures: final report. Available at: https://assets.bbhub.io/company/sites/60/2021/10/FINAL-2017-TCFD-Report.pdf (Accessed 14 March 2026).

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 2024. SEC adopts rules to enhance and standardize climate-related disclosures for investors. Available at: https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2024-31 (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Volkswagen AG, 2023. Sustainability report 2023, Volkswagen AG. Available at: https://www.volkswagenag.com/en/sustainability/reporting.html (Accessed 14 March 2026).

Wright, C. and Nyberg, D., 2015. Climate change, capitalism, and corporations: processes of creative self-destruction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Downloads

Published

2026-05-21

How to Cite

Seren, N. (2026). Strategic Marketing Narratives in the Global Decarbonisation Era: A Content Analysis of Corporate Communication Practices. Global Decarbonisation, 2(1), 73–91. https://doi.org/10.65582/gd.2026.006

Issue

Section

Technical Articles